How to clean sewer pipes at home

How to clean sewer pipes without calling a plumber? We will tell you about the most effective methods when nothing else helps. There are several effective ways: mechanical, chemical, and also using improvised means.

Autonomous sewerage in a private house, if organized according to all the rules, is extremely convenient. But on the other hand, it requires constant attention from the owners. There is no one to blame for the ineffective operation of this system - everything is “in the hands” of the home owners. And carrying out preventive measures or even repair and restoration work is also their responsibility. So it is necessary, at least, to understand what could cause problems with the drainage of wastewater from the house, and to be able to take measures to restore the system’s functionality.

How to clean sewer pipes in a private house

A frequently encountered disadvantage of an autonomous sewer system that discharges household wastewater is the occurrence of blockages, as a result of which its normal functioning is disrupted. If signs of such a problem appear, it is necessary to quickly take measures to avoid its progression, which often ends in complete damage to communications. In a word, every owner should know how to clean sewer pipes in a private home, and be able to do it in practice.

Types of blockages

Classifying sewer blockages according to the type of their occurrence helps determine the cleaning method.

Obstruction of the drainage system rarely occurs suddenly. More often, this is a gradual overgrowing of communications with fat and small debris, which decomposes, releasing a specific odor. A sign of a blockage is difficult drainage, when water comes out with difficulty. An unfavorable symptom of clogging is an unpleasant odor.

All blockages can be divided into the following types:

• Operational in a pipe. The most common type of drain pipe blockage is caused by suspended particles of debris (food debris, hair, household dust, sand) and grease that inevitably end up in the wastewater.
• Operational in siphon. It is formed when the siphon of a bathroom or sink becomes clogged with small debris.
• Mechanical. It forms suddenly when a large object gets into the drain pipe, or it grows gradually, for example, when toilet paper is flushed down the toilet.
• Technogenic. There is an error in the design or installation of the drainage system. A sign that clogged pipes are due to their incorrect location are constantly appearing plugs.

What causes a blockage to appear?

Water standing in the sink or bathtub and the appearance of an unpleasant odor are signs of a blockage in the sewer pipe. Common reasons for its appearance are:

• operating a kitchen sink without a mesh;
• large debris getting into the toilet;
• fat accumulation in the pipes;
• insufficient slope of the sewer line.
• In an autonomous system, freezing of a section of pipe or damage to the system may occur.

When using cast iron pipes over time, their diameter significantly decreases due to deposits and corrosion on the walls. A line with a cross-section smaller than the required one quickly becomes clogged and requires thorough cleaning.

Attention. Areas prone to frequent clogs include: kitchen sink, bathtub, and toilet drains.

The first thing you need to pay attention to

In fact, a clogged sewer is the carelessness of the housewife. Whatever doesn't drain into the hole in the sink. But a little patience, a little responsibility, and a sewer blockage will never occur. To do this, you just need to clean off dirty plates with a napkin. Remove food debris, fat and oil from them.

But if suddenly the situation still shows that a blockage has occurred, then do not immediately call a plumber. Sometimes you can do without it. After all, the first thing after washing is the siphon, which is a water device that cuts off the water from the sewer. Its task is to prevent unpleasant odors from entering the room. Additionally, it collects some of the dirt, which is drained into the sewer system.

It just needs to be disassembled, cleaned and reinstalled. This will take 10 minutes. At the same time, disassembling the siphon is not difficult; any woman, not to mention men, can handle it. But if the siphon turns out to be clean after disassembly, then the problem is not in it, but in the pipe that is located behind it. And here everyone decides for themselves how to clean the sewer.

Why do clogs form in pipes?

The first sign that a blockage has accumulated in the pipes is the slow drainage of water. The second “symptom” is an unpleasant odor that comes from the drain hole. The problem of clogged pipes arises for several reasons:

Fat blockages

Approximately 70-80% of cases are associated with this factor. Grease enters the pipes from dishwashers, washing machines and the kitchen sink. It is deposited on the pipes and forms a fatty plug over the years.

The fat accumulation is heterogeneous in texture. It is soft in inner diameter and resembles a jelly-like substance in consistency. The outer diameter of the plaque adjacent directly to the pipe is very hard. The texture becomes hard due to the reinforcement of the fat layer with various fibrous particles that end up in the drain: hair, threads after washing clothes. In addition, accumulations on pipes actively absorb mineral salts of wastewater, which makes them more compacted.

Fat clog in the pipe

Fat accumulations are the most difficult to remove. They are characterized by increased durability, and a draft in the pipes dries them and makes them even stronger.

Mechanical blockages

They occur much less frequently, in only 10-20% of cases. Mechanical blockages form if objects that should not be there get into the sewer: scraps of toilet paper, cotton pads, ear cleaning sticks, remnants of solutions used during repairs, and more.

Mechanical blockages in pipes

Kitchen waste is no less dangerous. For example, coffee grounds poured down a drain can cause clogs. The same “effect” will be had by onion peels, peels of vegetables and fruits, and leftover food that gets into the pipe. Another risk factor is small parts of children's toys and construction sets, which, due to parental oversight, may end up in the sewer pipe and form a blockage there.

Incorrect pipe installation

If the pipes are installed incorrectly, after a while, accumulations will begin to form in them.

Mechanical blockages in pipes

This can happen for a number of reasons:

• the pipes are connected at too sharp an angle;
• installation is made with an excessively small slope;
• pipes with a cross-section that are too small have been selected;
• vent pipes and valves are not installed;
• At the junction, the ends were not cleaned and burrs remained, which trap wastewater particles.

Pipes connected at right angles can also cause blockages. The same consequences will appear if the drains have too many turns and bends in a small area.

Old pipes

Another cause of blockage is pipes whose service life has expired. Even if the wiring is done correctly, but the pipes are outdated, traffic jams may appear.

Old pipes

This is especially true for cast iron pipes. Their inner surface is susceptible to corrosion. A layer of metal “eaten” by rust is ideal conditions for the accumulation of grease and dirt. PVC pipes do not have this disadvantage, therefore, practically no deposits of fatty deposits form on their surface.

Knowing what exactly caused the pollution of the drain pipes will make it much easier to get rid of the problem.

Mechanical cleaning methods at home

When deciding how to clean sewer pipes at home, you must first of all proceed from what equipment you have at home. Usually every family has a plunger - this is where you can start working.

Cleaning with a plunger

This device consists of a handle with a suction cup attached to it.

To clear the blockage with its help, you need to perform a few simple steps in the following sequence:

• Cover the drain hole with a stopper or thick rag.
• Fill the sink completely with hot water (the bathtub is filled with a layer of 5-7 cm).
• Open the plug, quickly place the plunger on the drain hole, press on it so that it sticks.
• Make several sharp and quick movements, pressing the handle.

You can repeat several such cycles until a satisfactory result is obtained (a sure sign that the blockage has been eliminated is that the water is washed off quickly and swirls into the funnel). The method is based on the fact that pressure drops occur in the pipe, which destroy the plug - then it is simply washed into the sewer along with the water.

If you suddenly don’t have a plunger or other items at hand, you can clean a simple blockage with an ordinary cardboard milk or kefir bag (tetra pack). It needs to be pressed closely with the open hole against the drain and pressed on the bottom several times. The effect will be approximately the same as from a plunger. In the case of a toilet, a plunger is also used quite successfully, but for these purposes it is better to have a special plunger in the house with a cone-shaped nozzle. In the picture you can see how it differs from the usual one.

The picture below clearly shows why such a plunger is the best assistant for cleaning the toilet.

ADVICE. When you separate the plunger from the drain, the easiest way to do this is to lift the rubber band with your hand. If you simply tear it off the surface, then over time the joint between the rubber part and the handle will weaken, and the device will deteriorate.

Very detailed and understandable video instructions for working with a plunger

Doll

If after this work the question of how to clean sewer pipes with your own hands remains unresolved, do not rush to call a plumber. You can make an effective toilet drain cleaner with your own hands from the most accessible items:

• We take a small bag made of dense material (like the fabric from which potato bags are made),
• We fill it with sand and wrap it tightly with strong rope.
• We lower it into the toilet drain hole and do a full flush, holding the bag by the rope.

The doll is lowered into the pipe along with the water and clears the blockage well due to its gravity.

Plumbing cable

Advanced owners will certainly have such an item in their home arsenal, so they solve the question of how to clean sewer pipes at home with its help. You can purchase it at a very affordable price at any plumbing or large hardware store. The main difference between metal cables is their length and diameter. For domestic conditions, models with a diameter of 6 to 9 millimeters and a length of 6-7 meters are suitable.

There can be several options for using the cable:

• If the cable is equipped with a handle, it is convenient to use it for cleaning the toilet drain. The spiral end must be lowered into the pipe and pulled until it stops. By rotating the handle, you can almost immediately ensure that the plug is pushed into a wider sewer pipe, where it is washed away along with the water.
• Another option is to attach a special attachment to the cable, which is sold at any plumbing store. After this, its cable is folded into a ring, held in the hand in a folded form, and then pushed with forward movements into the drain pipe. Cleaning of contaminants is carried out with rotational movements. In this case, the movement of the cable will be significantly hampered in the place where the plug is located; this can be easily felt with your hand.

Video instructions for cleaning sewer pipes with a cable

IMPORTANT. When you work with the cable, remember that you should always rotate it in one direction - this way it will last longer. and besides, you will be able to achieve the greatest force of influence. If the cable gets stuck along the way, it must be carefully rotated in different directions until the obstacle is overcome.

If working with the cable through the drain hole does not bring the desired results, it can be inserted into a special hole in the pipe, which is provided in new plumbing systems for deep cleaning.

When you finish working with the cable, you need it:

• rinse under pressure of hot water;
• soak for an hour in a bowl with regular powder or dishwashing detergent, which lathers well and gives a lot of foam;
• rinse and dry thoroughly.

A washed and dried cable will last much longer.

Deep cleaning associated with penetration into pipes is always a dirty job, so you should always have a basin ready where water will drain and lumps of dirt can get in, and carry out all the work with gloves and an apron.

Hydrodynamic devices

If the blockage cannot be cleared even with a cable, it means that the blockage lies lower down the drain, and even more powerful equipment needs to be used. Hydrodynamic devices specially designed for this purpose are perfect for such work, since they perform 2 functions simultaneously:

• Clearing the blockage.
• Flushing the pipe from its residues.

Such equipment is usually not found in a city apartment. However, in the case of a country house, you should always keep it in mind, since calling plumbers in most cases will be much more expensive.

Using the device is very simple - you need to lower the rubber hose into the drain (after putting on a suitable nozzle included in the kit) and turn on the mechanism. Then the machine will do everything itself - the hose will move forward along the pipe right up to the place where the plug is located. The machine copes with any blockages, so the question of cleaning sewer pipes at home will definitely not arise in the near future.

Mechanical siphon cleaning

Finally, the simplest and most obvious option, widely used in modern plumbing systems, involves manually cleaning the siphon, which must first be removed from the drain. The method is well suited for metal plastic under sinks and bathtubs. The sequence of actions will be as follows:

• First, you need to place a basin under the drain (in the case of a bathtub, put a large rag), since a lot of water will inevitably flow out of the pipe.
• Unscrew the upper and lower plastic nuts that secure the siphon (aka water seal) to the drain pipe.
• Carefully clean out the entire contents of the siphon and rinse it thoroughly in hot water and detergent, then rinse and put it back.
• Run hot water for a minute to check the quality of work and remove any remaining blockage.

This entire simple algorithm is schematically presented in the diagram.

Video: cleaning the siphon with your own hands

The picture shows a modern bottle siphon made of metal-plastic. If you have a cast iron one and it has not been changed for a long time, then removing the metal fasteners will be almost impossible due to the fact that they are strongly welded to the pipe. In this case, you only need to use a plunger or a metal cable. It is better not to try to dismantle the siphon with heavy objects - you can damage its connections or break off fragments of old cast iron, as a result of which the system will lose its tightness.

All these methods are basically accessible to almost any owner and do not require any special skills. They help to cope with the problem in almost all cases. If the blockage still remains, then the reason “sits” much deeper - perhaps even outside your apartment. In this case, you need to seek professional help.

Whatever cleaning method you choose, you should always start by running the drain with hot water for 5-10 minutes. If the pipes are metal, you can also use boiling water. If the blockage is insignificant, then this measure will be enough, and then the remaining items may not be useful.

Determining the location of the blockage

To choose the right sewer pipe cleaner, you need to determine the location and nature of the blockage. It can be specific and general. When a point blockage occurs, the flow of water from one consumer is disrupted while all others are operating normally. If there is a general blockage, the liquid does not drain anywhere. This means that the problem is in the sewer riser.

You can find the place where the traffic jam has formed in the following ways:

1. Drain the drain and pour water into it. Knowing the volume of liquid poured and the cross-section of the pipe, you can easily calculate the distance to the nearest centimeter.
2. Insert the hose from the shower or washing machine into the drain. He will hit an obstacle, indicating the source of the problem.
3. Shine a powerful flashlight on the pipes outside or inside them. The cork will be visible visually or darkened against a light background.

Having determined the location and nature of the congestion, you can begin to select means to eliminate it.

Mechanical sewer cleaning

Once the cause and location of the blockage have been found, you need to decide how to clean the pipes.

Pipe clogged with paper

The easiest way to remove a cork from paper is to use a water hammer. A significant increase in fluid pressure on one side will push the ball of paper through the bottleneck.

Important! This will not completely remove the plug, but will only move the clump into the riser. The paper usually becomes limp in the riser and does not cause any more problems. But sometimes it is possible to block the exit to the well or the bed. This nuisance is possible if the drain is clogged with grease, hair or other debris.

Water hammer can be created in several ways:

1. With a plunger. Such a device covers the liquid in the area of ​​discharge from the bathtub or sink. When you press the handle sharply, high pressure is created in the pipe;
2. You can create a water hammer using a plastic bottle; you need to take a 1.5-2 liter container, screw the cap tightly and cut off the bottom. This device is used like a plunger;
3. You can create a water hammer with a simple device made from a stick and a rag, which is folded in several layers. They place it on a surface of water at the point where the toilet flushes, and sharply press it with a stick. Don’t get carried away - too strong impacts can damage ceramic plumbing fixtures.

The last option can only be used when the toilet is clogged. A paper plug that has clogged a pipe cannot be pushed through in this way - when you press the device, the liquid will begin to flow into the bathtub or sink.

Food waste clog

It is better to clean such contamination of sewer pipes with a plumbing cable. Externally, it is an ordinary steel cable of small diameter; on one side of the cable there is a handle with which it can be rotated.

It is necessary to mention several important subtleties of using such a device:

• The cable must be inserted into the pipe under tension. If it weakens, it folds in half and forms a loop;
• It is most convenient to work with a partner; one person stretches the cable and rotates the handle, and the second person pushes it into the pipe;
• The cable should pierce the blockage several times;
• Remaining debris is removed by pouring a lot of water into the pipe.

Traditional methods of dealing with the problem

If there are no chemicals and the blockage is minor, then you can clean the pipes using folk remedies. They are safe not only for human health, but also for pipes.

Boiling water and salt

A solution of hot water and salt removes small blockages. But this method is not suitable for plastic pipes, since the maximum temperature they can withstand is 70 degrees. First, salt is poured into the drain hole, and after 20-30 minutes liquid is poured.

Soda and vinegar solution

This method will clear the drain system of fat deposits. 200 g of powder is poured into the hole, after which 200 ml of acetic acid is poured into it.

To improve the effect, soda can be heated in a frying pan until golden brown. For the reaction to be successful, the hole in the sink must be closed. After 15-20 minutes, the pipe should be rinsed with hot water under pressure. This method will only help with relatively recent blockages. Old traffic jams require radical measures.

Soda and salt

Cleaning the drain works like this: first mix the dry ingredients (half a glass each). The composition is poured into the drain hole and left for 10-12 hours. After this, the pipe is washed with hot water.

Lemon juice or acid

Acid crystals are poured into the siphon hole, then it is filled with water and vinegar. An acidic environment is created to clean pipes from limescale. Acid is poured into the pipe in the amount of 100 g, and then 250 ml of boiling water is poured. After 20 minutes, the pipe is washed with boiling water. If lemon juice is used, then it is simply poured into the drain for an hour. Requires 100 ml of liquid.

Alka-3eltzer

This is a medical product that contains citric acid and acetylsalicylic acid. Additionally, it contains soda.

When interacting with water, these components enter into a chemical reaction. To clean the drain, just throw 2-3 tablets of the product into it and plug the hole.

The procedure lasts no more than 20 minutes.

Washing powder

In this case, a granular product is required. 2 scoops of powder are poured into the pipe. Next, boiling water is poured into it for 5 minutes.

Vinegar, soda and chlorine

Before cleaning using the specified components, all liquid is removed from the sink. Soda ash and baking soda (50 g each) are poured into the drain, and after half an hour vinegar and chlorine (150 ml each) are poured into it. The hole must be well sealed, otherwise a pungent odor will appear in the room. After 40 minutes, the drain is washed.

Basic cleaning methods

If the throughput of the pipeline is reduced, then cleaning the sewer pipes with your own hands will be sufficient. In difficult cases, the help of specialists will be required.

Cleaning sewer pipes can be:

• chemical;
• mechanical;
• hydrodynamic;
• folk remedies: soda, salt and boiling water; soda and vinegar.

Cleaning your sewer pipes using this last method will prevent unpleasant odors and blockages from occurring. At home, you can effectively clean pipes using one of the following methods:

1. Soda and salt. Add ½ cup of baking soda solution and half a cup of salt to the drain hole and leave for about 10 hours.
2. Soda and vinegar. Place half a cup of baking soda and ½ cup of vinegar in the drain hole, close the stopper and leave for 2 hours.
3. Soda and boiling water. Add one cup of baking soda to 3 cups of boiling water and place in the drain hole.

The use of soda and vinegar requires caution, since mixing these substances causes a violent reaction.

You can clean the pipe using home remedies that you have on hand.

Dry cleaning

You can clean sewer pipes both in a private house and in an apartment using chemicals. Before using them, it is important to take care of your own safety - wear gloves, maxi, goggles, and also ensure that the room is well ventilated. It is better to use some other method to clean a sewer pipe at home than a chemical one. Modern substances include acid or alkali. You cannot use products of different chemical compositions in the house at the same time, since the components can react with each other and harm the system. The procedure is as follows:

• pour or pour the required amount of product into the drain hole;
• add about half a liter of water;
• wait 10-15 minutes;
• Rinse the sewage system with water in a volume of 2-4 buckets.

You can clean a sewer pipe both effectively and quickly using the “Mole” product. It contains caustic alkali. Mix one or two tablespoons of the substance with 200 g of hot water and pour into the drain. After this, clean with a plunger and rinse with water.

There are other chemical products on the market for cleaning sewer pipes at home, for example, Domestos, Mr. Muscle, Toffix, etc.

Chemicals are widely used to quickly clean pipes

If there is a very dense blockage, then it is better to use mechanical cleaning.

Important! It is unacceptable to clean old cast iron sewer pipes with chemicals.

Mechanical cleaning

You can clean a sewer pipe at home mechanically. To do this you will need a wire or cable, a plunger, or a ruff. How to clean sewer pipes depends on the severity of the problem. If the blockage is shallow, you can use a brush to break through it with sharp movements.

You can clean sewer pipes with your own hands using a plunger:

1. Cover the drain hole with the device.
2. Run water until the bowl of the plunger is covered.
3. Check that there is no water underneath.
4. Without lifting the plunger from the sink, make 15-20 vertical movements.

Before cleaning a sewer pipe using a cable, you need to try other ways, since this method is the most difficult. The cable has a rigid structure and is a rod with a diameter of 3-5 mm, which is made of twisted wire. Basic rules for using the device:

• remove the sink siphon;
• the cable must have a handle;
• insert the end of the cable into the pipe and move it with rotational movements counterclockwise;
• periodically remove the cable for cleaning;
• After clearing the blockage in the sewer pipe, install a siphon and rinse the system with hot water.

Next you should open the water. If it goes away quickly, it means the blockage has been cleared. Otherwise, the procedure is repeated.

The cable is suitable for cleaning metal and plastic pipes

Hydrodynamic cleaning

For domestic sewage, a hydrodynamic machine and pumps are used to create a powerful jet of liquid. Hydrodynamic cleaning of sewer pipes is carried out using devices with spiral nozzles of various diameters. They are installed near sinks or toilets; a spiral is inserted into the drain hole, which rotates during operation of the machine and breaks through blockages of any density. Hydrodynamic cleaning is used for pipes with a diameter of 5-30 cm.

A spiral machine is a device with nozzles of various diameters, which is used for cleaning sewer pipes at home. The device is installed opposite the drain hole, and a spiral is inserted into the pipe. The machine uses rotational movements to effectively break through the blockage and is applicable in both private and apartment buildings. If you don’t have a special machine, you can clean the pipes simply with a spiral, slowly rotating it in one direction.

Important! Hydrodynamic cleaning is suitable for any pipe configuration and is not very expensive.

Hydrodynamic cleaning is carried out with special devices. Currently, plastic pipes are used to install sewer systems in a house or apartment. Turns and bends are usually prone to clogging, so there is no need to clean plastic sewer pipes like cast iron ones.

Cleaning pipes using a special machine is an effective and quick way to get rid of blockages.

In addition, careless use of any cleaning devices may damage communications. It is good to clean plastic pipes using a chemical method, since it will not damage their structure.

Chemical method of sewer cleaning

There are many ways to clear a clogged sewer system. They are sold at any hardware store. Such products contain aggressive chemical compounds that can break down deposits on the walls of the pipeline. Most Popular:

• Mole;

• Domestos;

• Tiret Professional.

Most prepared liquids or powders contain sodium hydroxide. Therefore, all sewer cleaning work must be carried out wearing rubber gloves and a respirator. If they come into contact with the skin, they cause a thermal burn. Also, when using such products, it is strictly forbidden to mix them with each other. As a result, they can release toxic substances that are extremely dangerous to humans.

After pouring the finished liquid into the drain, it is recommended not to use the plumbing fixture for some time. This is necessary to complete the chemical reaction and completely clean the sewer.

Simple ways to deal with blockages

The sewer system in a private house is clogged, what should I do to quickly restore its operation? This question arises for everyone from time to time. Removing a garbage jam does not always require the use of complex methods and special tools; it is worth trying to solve the problem with simple and accessible means.

plunger

Every family has this common plumbing tool. It consists of a smooth wooden handle and a rubber bowl at the end. Cleaning sewer pipes with a plunger is performed according to the following scheme:

• If there is not enough water in the sink, you should fill it up to the height of the bowl.
• The device is pressed against the drain hole, and translational movements are made up and down.
• Next, the plunger rises sharply; if the water quickly flows into the hole, then the work is finished. If necessary, movements with the device are repeated several times.

The pressure created by the plunger forces the debris to move and continue moving through the pipe.

Using a plunger to break through a clog in the toilet

Advice. If there is an overflow, it is necessary to close the hole with a plug, otherwise it will not be possible to create pressure in the system.

Draining boiling water

The main reason for clogged pipes in the kitchen is a large amount of grease settling on the walls. Hot water effectively dissolves such deposits, so it is worth opening a hot tap and trying to flush the system.

A folk remedy - a solution of soda and vinegar - will help dissolve fat. This method is very simple and everything you need is in the kitchen. Before cleaning the drain with soda and vinegar, you need to prepare a rag to plug the drain. To work you will need:

• a glass of soda;
• a glass of 9% vinegar;
• cork.

Soda is poured into the dry sink drain and vinegar is poured. The hole is quickly closed with the prepared object. The substances enter into a violent reaction, during which deposits on the pipe walls are broken down. An equally effective replacement for vinegar will be citric acid, which gives an active reaction when interacting with soda. After some time, the drain is flushed with hot water.

Prevention

A clogged drain is much easier to prevent than to eliminate. Planned preventive measures allow you to keep the wastewater system clean, eliminating the very possibility of a problem arising. It is recommended to carry out the following preventive measures:

• install fine-mesh filters on all drains;
• monthly pour detergents into the necks, add salt and soda;
• spill a large volume of boiling water into the sewer system;
• Periodically blow out the pipes with a vacuum cleaner or compressor.

It is necessary to clear the blockage immediately after the first signs appear.

Sources:

• https://stroyday.ru/stroitelstvo-doma/vodoprovod-i-kanalizaciya/chem-prochistit-kanalizacionnye-truby-v-chastnom-dome.html
• https://InfoTruby.ru/svoimi-rukami/sposoby-prochistki-i-profilaktiki-kanalizatsii
• https://m-strana.ru/articles/prochistka-kanalizatsionnykh-trub/
• https://DomStrouSam.ru/15-sposobov-ustranit-zasor-v-trube-v-domashnih-usloviyah/
• https://trubyda.ru
• https://inzhi.ru/kanalizacionnyj-zasor-kak-prochistit-ustranenie-zasorov/
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